CSE2134 - Computer Architecture and Organizations¶

Fundamentals of a Computer System¶

Q1(a) [6]: What do you understand by Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)? Explain the seven dimension of ISA.
Q1(b) [3]: Why embedded processor market is higher than the others?
Q1(c) [3]: Explain the Amdahl's law. What is the significance of this law?
Q1(d) [2]: List the registers of x86 microprocessor.
Q3(a) [4]: What do you understand by SISD, MIMD, SIMD and SPMD?
Q3(b) [6]: What do you understand by microprocessor performance? Explain CPI with example.
Q5(b) [4]: Explain in detail Flynn's classification of parallel hardware.

Q1(a) [2+6]: What are the classes of computer architecture? Explain with their characteristics.
Q1(b) [6]: Explain the layers of computer system architecture.
Q2(a) [2+6]: What do you mean by instruction set architecture? Explain MIPS instruction set format.
Q2(b) [3]: Differentiate between RISC and CISC architecture.
Q4(b) [3+3]: What do you mean by CPI and IPC?
Q5(a) [5]: How the performance of a computer is measured? Explain with example.
Q5(b) [6]: Consider three different processors P1, P2, and P3 executing the same instruction set. P1 has a 3 GHz clock rate and a CPI of 1.5. P2 has a 2.5 GHz clock rate and a CPI of 1.0. P3 has a 4.0 GHz clock rate and has a CPI of 2.2.
Which processor has the highest performance expressed in instructions per second?
If the processors each execute a program in 10 seconds, find the number of cycles and the number of instructions.
We are trying to reduce the execution time by 30% but this leads to an increase of 20% in the CPI. What clock rate should we have to get this time reduction?
Q5(c) [3]: Explain Amdahl's Law.
Q6(a) [6]: Explain in detail Flynn's classification of parallel hardware.
Q7(b) [3]: What do you understand by shared memory multiprocessor?

Q1(a) [4]: What are the classes of computer?
Q1(b) [4]: What are the layers of computer architecture? Explain in brief.
Q1(c) [2]: Define throughput and response time.
Q1(d) [4]: Suppose we have two implementations of the same instruction set architecture. Computer A has a clock cycle time of 250 ps and a CPI of 2.0 for some program, and computer B has a clock cycle time of 500 ps and a CPI of 1.2 for the same program. Which computer is faster for this program and by how much?
Q2(a) [3]: How the performance of microprocessor is measured? Explain with example.
Q2(b) [3]: The execution time of the program after making the improvement is given by Amdahl's law. Explain the law. Give an example.
Q2(c) [5]: How do the computers can convert from a High-Level Language to the Language of Hardware?
Q3(a) [4]: Briefly discuss about four design principle of a computer.

Q1(a) [4]: What are the classes of computer? Explain briefly.
Q1(b) [2+2]: Briefly Discuss about Moore's Law and Amdahl's Law.
Q1(d) [2]: Differentiate between RISC and CISC architecture.
Q2(c) [3]: Discuss the layer of computer system architecture.
Q5(a) [6]: Suppose 1.5GHz machine A executes 5000 instructions in 6s for a program P. Suppose 3GHz machine B executes 4000 instructions in 3s for the same program P. What is the CPI for each machine? If a second program Q has the same CPI as P and takes 3s on machine A and 4s on machine B, what is the IC of Q on each machine?
Q7(c) [5]: Give short notes on memory protection, IPC and CPI?

Q1(a) [5]: What are the class of computer based on usage and architecture? Explain briefly.
Q1(c) [1+4]: Define interrupt. How do you distinguish between computer architecture and computer organization?
Q2(b) [6]: How the performance of a microprocessor is measured? Explain with example.
Q3(c) [4]: What are the differences between RISC and CISC architecture?
Q4(a) [5]: Suppose a program runs in 10 seconds in computer A, which has 4 GHz clock. We are trying to design a new computer B, in which the same program runs in 6 seconds. Computer B requires 1.2 times the clock cycles of A requires. What is the clock rate of machine B?
Q5(a) [8]: A benchmark program is run on a 40 MHz processor. The executed program consists of 100,000 instruction executions, with the following instruction mix and clock cycle count:

Determine the effective CPI, MIPS rate for this program.

Q1(c) [6]: List and briefly define the main structural components of a computer.
Q1(d) [2]: Explain Moore's law.
Q2(a) [4]: How a computer data is represented in Big-Endian and Little-Endian format? Explain with an example.
Q2(b) [2+2]: How an instruction is represented in assembly language? Evaluate the instruction using two address format: \((A+B)*(C+D)\).

Q1(a) [4]: Discuss the basic functional units of a computer.
Q1(b) [3]: Briefly discuss the bus structure of processor.
Q2(a) [3]: What are the characteristics of RISC processor?
Q7(c) [1+2]: What is an instruction? How an instruction is represented by computer?
Q7(d) [6]: Explain various addressing modes.